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Bearings mounting guide
Designed to withstand heavy loads and to extend the service lifetime of machinery by reducing friction and distributing forces, bearings are very susceptible to shocks and heavy impacts. Therefore, improper handling or incorrect mounting and dismounting can damage the elements of a bearing, causing extreme noise and vibration levels, and affecting the bearing rotation.
The same can occur when small particles enter the bearing, inflicting the contamination of parts or of the lubricating substance. Even very small international particles can contaminate the bearing, jeopardizing the service life of the device. These types of bearing damage will be prevented by dealing with the units properly and using the proper tools when mounting and dismounting bearings.
ERIKS provides a comprehensive range of bearing instruments meant to keep bearings well maintained throughout use, and to make sure the safe mounting and dismounting of bearings.
Bearings mounting process
INSPECT ALL COMPONENTS FOR CONTAMINATION AND DAMAGE
Before mounting the bearings, make sure they are still in the authentic packages, to forestall contamination. Evaluate the drawings to find out the proper orientation of the bearings in the assembly, and upon getting everything ready, unpack the bearings and inspect them earlier than mounting. If the bearings have been opened before and there’s a risk of contamination or damage, wash and dry them earlier than mounting.
Check the area of the machine where the bearings will be mounted: this also needs to be clean, dry and mud-free. If you could set up housings, shafts or seals, make certain they are clean and dirt-free. Check the lubrication holes and threaded holes for traces of drugs from earlier ensembles.
NOTE: New bearings may be covered in preservative. In most cases, it’s not essential to wash this off, as long as you wipe off the outside and bore surfaces. Nevertheless, it is necessary to double check if the lubricant you propose to use is suitable with the preservative. If not, you have to wash and dry the bearing earlier than mounting it. This doesn’t apply to bearings with seals and shields.
When all this is done, you may go to the second step of the process.
CHECK THE TOLERANCES OF ALL ELEMENTS IN THE ASSEMBLY
The dimensional and geometrical tolerances of the items within the assembly should be checked earlier than starting the mounting, as the performance of bearings will be severely affected by poorly chosen associated components. The tolerances of bearings are described by tolerance classes, as defined within the ISO 492 (radial bearings) and ISO 199 (thrust bearings) standards. These courses are vital as they affect the applications of bearings.
As it's possible you'll know, a bearing’s tolerance refers to a few aspects of accuracy: the external dimensional accuracy, the machining accuracy and the running accuracy. The dimensional accuracy provides the bearing’s exterior dimensions, corresponding to bore diameter, outer diameter, internal ring width and outer ring width. This parameter is important for figuring out the shaft and housing fits in a bearing assembly.
The machining accuracy offers the precision of the manufacturing process and is essential when selecting tolerances for shafts and housings. This parameter measures the variation in dimensions when evaluating one bearing to a different, for instance inner and outer ring width variations.
The running accuracy or runout measures the radial runout and axial runout for the interior and outer ring, the side runout for the interior ring and the outer diameter runout for the outer ring. This parameter is necessary for minimizing vibration and misalignment in an assembly.
NOTE: For applications that require moderate rotation and operational speed, bearings with a Regular tolerance class are a great choice. However, for applications where more precision is required, you need to choose a bearing with a more accurate tolerance class. A tolerance Class 6 means less precision than a tolerance Class 4, and a Normal tolerance class is less precise than a Class 6. The tolerance class of the bearing ought to be chosen based on the application requirements for the previously mentioned parameters.
Since good bearing performance depends on adherence to the fits for the rings, the number of the fits should be carried out earlier than mounting the bearing. The rings must be well supported in the assembly, however not too tight, as depending on the application, the internal clearance of the bearing will change. Thus, the clearance should be adapted to the fits. This signifies that besides checking the tolerances, you also needs to make certain the bearing has the proper clearance and that the fits usually are not too loose or too tight.
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