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Bearings mounting guide
Designed to withstand heavy loads and to extend the service lifetime of machinery by reducing friction and distributing forces, bearings are very inclined to shocks and heavy impacts. Due to this fact, improper dealing with or incorrect mounting and dismounting can damage the weather of a bearing, causing extreme noise and vibration levels, and affecting the bearing rotation.
The identical can occur when small particles enter the bearing, causing the contamination of parts or of the lubricating substance. Even very small foreign particles can contaminate the bearing, jeopardizing the service lifetime of the device. These types of bearing damage may be prevented by dealing with the devices properly and using the proper tools when mounting and dismounting bearings.
ERIKS provides a complete range of bearing tools supposed to keep bearings well maintained during use, and to make sure the safe mounting and dismounting of bearings.
Bearings mounting process
INSPECT ALL COMPONENTS FOR CONTAMINATION AND DAMAGE
Before mounting the bearings, make positive they're still within the authentic packages, to stop contamination. Review the drawings to determine the proper orientation of the bearings within the assembly, and once you have everything ready, unpack the bearings and examine them before mounting. If the bearings have been opened before and there’s a risk of contamination or damage, wash and dry them earlier than mounting.
Check the area of the machine where the bearings will be mounted: this additionally needs to be clean, dry and mud-free. If you want to set up housings, shafts or seals, make sure they are clean and dirt-free. Check the lubrication holes and threaded holes for traces of gear from previous ensembles.
NOTE: New bearings may be covered in preservative. In most cases, it’s not mandatory to wash this off, as long as you wipe off the outside and bore surfaces. However, it is important to double check if the lubricant you plan to use is compatible with the preservative. If not, you will need to wash and dry the bearing earlier than mounting it. This doesn’t apply to bearings with seals and shields.
When all this is done, you can go to the second step of the process.
CHECK THE TOLERANCES OF ALL ELEMENTS IN THE ASSEMBLY
The dimensional and geometrical tolerances of the pieces in the assembly should be checked before starting the mounting, as the performance of bearings may be severely affected by poorly chosen related components. The tolerances of bearings are described by tolerance lessons, as defined in the ISO 492 (radial bearings) and ISO 199 (thrust bearings) standards. These courses are necessary as they influence the applications of bearings.
As chances are you'll know, a bearing’s tolerance refers to 3 points of accuracy: the exterior dimensional accuracy, the machining accuracy and the running accuracy. The dimensional accuracy offers the bearing’s exterior dimensions, comparable to bore diameter, outer diameter, inner ring width and outer ring width. This parameter is essential for determining the shaft and housing fits in a bearing assembly.
The machining accuracy gives the precision of the manufacturing process and is important when selecting tolerances for shafts and housings. This parameter measures the variation in dimensions when comparing one bearing to another, for example internal and outer ring width variations.
The running accuracy or runout measures the radial runout and axial runout for the interior and outer ring, the side runout for the inside ring and the outer diameter runout for the outer ring. This parameter is important for minimizing vibration and misalignment in an assembly.
NOTE: For applications that require moderate rotation and operational speed, bearings with a Regular tolerance class are an excellent choice. Nonetheless, for applications the place more precision is needed, it is best to select a bearing with a more accurate tolerance class. A tolerance Class 6 means less precision than a tolerance Class four, and a Normal tolerance class is less exact than a Class 6. The tolerance class of the bearing needs to be chosen based on the application necessities for the beforehand mentioned parameters.
Since good bearing performance depends upon adherence to the fits for the rings, the selection of the fits should be carried out earlier than mounting the bearing. The rings must be well supported within the assembly, but not too tight, as depending on the application, the internal clearance of the bearing will change. Thus, the clearance must be adapted to the fits. This signifies that besides checking the tolerances, you should also make sure the bearing has the proper clearance and that the fits are not too loose or too tight.
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