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Bearings mounting guide
Designed to withstand heavy loads and to increase the service lifetime of machinery by reducing friction and distributing forces, bearings are very prone to shocks and heavy impacts. Subsequently, improper handling or incorrect mounting and dismounting can damage the weather of a bearing, causing excessive noise and vibration levels, and affecting the bearing rotation.
The identical can happen when small particles enter the bearing, causing the contamination of parts or of the lubricating substance. Even very small international particles can contaminate the bearing, jeopardizing the service life of the device. These types of bearing damage may be prevented by dealing with the units properly and utilizing the fitting instruments when mounting and dismounting bearings.
ERIKS provides a complete range of bearing instruments intended to keep bearings well maintained throughout use, and to ensure the safe mounting and dismounting of bearings.
Bearings mounting process
INSPECT ALL COMPONENTS FOR CONTAMINATION AND DAMAGE
Earlier than mounting the bearings, make positive they're still in the unique packages, to forestall contamination. Evaluation the drawings to find out the proper orientation of the bearings in the assembly, and once you have everything ready, unpack the bearings and inspect them before mounting. If the bearings have been opened before and there’s a risk of contamination or damage, wash and dry them earlier than mounting.
Check the world of the machine the place the bearings will be mounted: this additionally needs to be clean, dry and dust-free. If it is advisable set up housings, shafts or seals, make sure they are clean and dirt-free. Check the lubrication holes and threaded holes for traces of substances from earlier ensembles.
NOTE: New bearings could also be covered in preservative. In most cases, it’s not mandatory to scrub this off, as long as you wipe off the outside and bore surfaces. Nevertheless, it is important to double check if the lubricant you intend to use is appropriate with the preservative. If not, you have to wash and dry the bearing earlier than mounting it. This doesn’t apply to bearings with seals and shields.
When all this is done, you can go to the second step of the process.
CHECK THE TOLERANCES OF ALL ELEMENTS IN THE ASSEMBLY
The dimensional and geometrical tolerances of the pieces in the assembly have to be checked earlier than starting the mounting, as the performance of bearings might be severely affected by poorly chosen related components. The tolerances of bearings are described by tolerance classes, as defined within the ISO 492 (radial bearings) and ISO 199 (thrust bearings) standards. These classes are vital as they affect the applications of bearings.
As it's possible you'll know, a bearing’s tolerance refers to 3 aspects of accuracy: the exterior dimensional accuracy, the machining accuracy and the running accuracy. The dimensional accuracy gives the bearing’s external dimensions, comparable to bore diameter, outer diameter, inside ring width and outer ring width. This parameter is essential for figuring out the shaft and housing fits in a bearing assembly.
The machining accuracy gives the precision of the manufacturing process and is necessary when choosing tolerances for shafts and housings. This parameter measures the variation in dimensions when evaluating one bearing to a different, for example interior and outer ring width variations.
The running accuracy or runout measures the radial runout and axial runout for the inside and outer ring, the side runout for the inner ring and the outer diameter runout for the outer ring. This parameter is vital for minimizing vibration and misalignment in an assembly.
NOTE: For applications that require moderate rotation and operational speed, bearings with a Normal tolerance class are an excellent choice. However, for applications where more precision is needed, you should select a bearing with a more accurate tolerance class. A tolerance Class 6 means less precision than a tolerance Class 4, and a Regular tolerance class is less precise than a Class 6. The tolerance class of the bearing should be chosen primarily based on the application requirements for the previously talked about parameters.
Since good bearing performance is determined by adherence to the fits for the rings, the collection of the fits have to be performed earlier than mounting the bearing. The rings ought to be well supported in the assembly, however not too tight, as depending on the application, the interior clearance of the bearing will change. Thus, the clearance ought to be adapted to the fits. This implies that besides checking the tolerances, you should also make positive the bearing has the proper clearance and that the fits aren't too loose or too tight.
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