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How does a Linear Actuator work?
Linear actuators work by moving an object or piece of equipment in a straight line, moving an object extraordinarily accurately and repeatably if required. The primary reason for designing a linear actuator into a system is for the necessity to move a payload in a linear fashion slightly than a rotary one. As most typical electric motors are rotary, a linear actuator is used to transform rotary motion to linear motion.
The electric motor is generally connected to the linear actuator by a flexible coupling or a belt, enabling the motor to be mounted either axially or perpendicular to the linear actuator. Quite a lot of motor sizes will be mounted to these actuators relying on requirements.
Linear actuators have incorporated linear bearings that support the moving payload, as well as rotary bearings that help either the lead screw, ball screw or belt pulleys. This then permits them to operate as ‘stand-alone’ gadgets, making them straightforward to mount into current machines and eliminating the necessity to design/manufacture very costly custom parts. To extend the load capacity and stability of a linear actuator system, they are often paired up with the payload carried between them, similar to in an XY gantry style stage. In this case, a shaft or belt is usually used to keep the 2 actuators in sync with each other.
Features of Linear Actuators
Linear Actuators have the following features:
High repeatability
Positioning accuracy
Easy operation
Long life
Easy maintenance or upkeep free
Protection scores available for some models
Suitable for harsh environments
Compact design
Rugged and reliable
Safe operation
Versatile
Industries and applications for Linear Actuators
Linear Actuators can be used in numerous applications that require a load to either be lifted, lowered, pushed, pulled, rotated or positioned. Linear Actuators are utilized in industries together with:
Packaging
Meals processing
Industrial vehicles
Factory automation
Material dealing with
Clean energy
Printing
Automotive
Machine software
Marine
Aerospace
Defence
Pharmaceutical
Types of Linear Actuators
Picking the right type of linear actuator on your motion application can help you achieve one of the best results. Lead Screw Actuators, Ball Screw Actuators and Belt Actuators are three types of linear actuators that can be used in various applications to produce motion.
A Lead Screw Actuator uses a plain screw/nut arrangement to translate the rotary motion from a motor to linear motion. A manually driven screw or an AC induction motor are essentially the most commonly used methods to supply the rotary motion, as they are generally utilized in low value and low precision applications. The ability of the actuator to ‘back drive’ is reduced over ball screw actuators because of the low efficiency of the screw/nut. In some applications, this will be an advantage as it helps to keep the payload stationary whilst not in motion. Applications embody agricultural equipment and guide lift systems, where safety and reliability are more critical than precision and performance.
A Ball Screw Actuator makes use of a high precision nut with recirculating ball bearings that rotate around a ground screw thread. In precept this is similar to a standard ball race with the load being transmitted by the rolling balls. The significant advantages of this system are high-precision and low friction, giving a really environment friendly methodology of converting rotary motion to linear motion. Stepper or servo motors are generally used to provide the rotary motion. Ball screw actuators are well suited to repeatable indexing and quick cyclic applications corresponding to machine tools, scientific devices and medical systems.
Belt actuators work the place a belt is carried between two pulleys and hooked up to the moving carriage, then because the belt rotates the carriage is pulled alongside the actuator. One of many pulleys is pushed by a motor which is generally mounted perpendicular to the actuator and paired utilizing a flexible coupling. They offer a comparatively low-value different, as they inherently have a lower level of precision. Belt pushed linear actuators are excellent for long travel and high linear velocity applications reminiscent of packaging and automated materials dealing with systems.
Website: https://www.firgelliauto.com/collections/linear-actuators
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