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Bearings mounting guide
Designed to withstand heavy loads and to increase the service lifetime of machinery by reducing friction and distributing forces, bearings are very prone to shocks and heavy impacts. Subsequently, improper dealing with or incorrect mounting and dismounting can damage the elements of a bearing, causing extreme noise and vibration levels, and affecting the bearing rotation.
The same can happen when small particles enter the bearing, causing the contamination of parts or of the lubricating substance. Even very small foreign particles can contaminate the bearing, jeopardizing the service lifetime of the device. These types of bearing damage will be prevented by handling the devices properly and using the right tools when mounting and dismounting bearings.
ERIKS provides a complete range of bearing instruments supposed to keep bearings well maintained during use, and to ensure the safe mounting and dismounting of bearings.
Bearings mounting process
INSPECT ALL COMPONENTS FOR CONTAMINATION AND DAMAGE
Before mounting the bearings, make positive they are still within the authentic packages, to forestall contamination. Overview the drawings to find out the proper orientation of the bearings in the assembly, and after you have everything ready, unpack the bearings and inspect them earlier than mounting. If the bearings have been opened earlier than and there’s a risk of contamination or damage, wash and dry them before mounting.
Check the world of the machine the place the bearings will be mounted: this additionally needs to be clean, dry and mud-free. If it's essential to install housings, shafts or seals, make certain they are clean and dust-free. Check the lubrication holes and threaded holes for traces of drugs from previous ensembles.
NOTE: New bearings may be covered in preservative. In most cases, it’s not necessary to scrub this off, so long as you wipe off the outside and bore surfaces. Nevertheless, it is necessary to double check if the lubricant you intend to use is compatible with the preservative. If not, you need to wash and dry the bearing before mounting it. This doesn’t apply to bearings with seals and shields.
When all this is done, you possibly can go to the second step of the process.
CHECK THE TOLERANCES OF ALL ELEMENTS IN THE ASSEMBLY
The dimensional and geometrical tolerances of the items within the assembly have to be checked before starting the mounting, as the performance of bearings will be severely affected by poorly chosen associated components. The tolerances of bearings are described by tolerance courses, as defined in the ISO 492 (radial bearings) and ISO 199 (thrust bearings) standards. These courses are essential as they affect the applications of bearings.
As you could know, a bearing’s tolerance refers to three elements of accuracy: the exterior dimensional accuracy, the machining accuracy and the running accuracy. The dimensional accuracy offers the bearing’s exterior dimensions, akin to bore diameter, outer diameter, interior ring width and outer ring width. This parameter is important for figuring out the shaft and housing fits in a bearing assembly.
The machining accuracy provides the precision of the manufacturing process and is vital when selecting tolerances for shafts and housings. This parameter measures the variation in dimensions when comparing one bearing to a different, for instance inside and outer ring width variations.
The running accuracy or runout measures the radial runout and axial runout for the interior and outer ring, the side runout for the inside ring and the outer diameter runout for the outer ring. This parameter is vital for minimizing vibration and misalignment in an assembly.
NOTE: For applications that require moderate rotation and operational speed, bearings with a Normal tolerance class are a good choice. Nonetheless, for applications the place more precision is required, you need to select a bearing with a more accurate tolerance class. A tolerance Class 6 means less precision than a tolerance Class 4, and a Regular tolerance class is less exact than a Class 6. The tolerance class of the bearing should be chosen based mostly on the application requirements for the beforehand mentioned parameters.
Since good bearing performance relies on adherence to the fits for the rings, the choice of the fits should be executed earlier than mounting the bearing. The rings must be well supported within the assembly, but not too tight, as depending on the application, the inner clearance of the bearing will change. Thus, the clearance should be adapted to the fits. This means that besides checking the tolerances, you should also make positive the bearing has the proper clearance and that the fits aren't too loose or too tight.
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